Applied to manual handling.

TM 38-400/NAVSUP PUB 572/AFMAN 23-210 MCO 4450.14/DLAM 4145.12

operator. For purposes of illustration, the job takes 2

f. Applied to manual handling.

hours to complete.

(ILLUSTRATE this point on the blackboard. Example

2 laborers x 2 hours=4 man-hours

included with this outline can be used.)

1 truck operator x 2 hours=2 man-hours

-'"You will note that in this unloading operation 75

1 truck x 2 hours=2 truck-hours

percent of the total WORK-HOURS consists of

Total 8 work-hours

MANHANDLING."

It can easily be seen that in the 8 WORK-HOURS

-"We can improve the efficiency of an operation

consumed, only 2 hours were used by mechanical

immediately

REDUCING

excessive

equipment and 6 hours consumed by man-hours. In

MANHANDLING."

other words, about 75 percent of the work in this job was

--"What things in an operation cause a laborer to tire

done by MANUAL LABOR.

rapidly?"

ITEMS TOO HEAVY

(3) The job might have taken many more

EXTREME BENDING

hours to complete without the use of mechanical

HIGH LIFTING

equipment and may have involved many more laborers.

LONG CARRYING

Do not make the mistake of thinking that mechanical

equipment REPLACES manual handling; it does not, it

"Those are things that WE CAN CORRECT."

merely supplements it and makes it easier.

-"Can you think of any of your operations in which a

eliminating all excess manual handling, particularly that

laborer handles the same items two or three times?"

involving lifting, it is possible to increase immediately

NOTE

the efficiency not only of the laborer, but of the job itself.

If not, point out an operation you

Whether picking up pieces from floor level or loading a

have observed personally.

(Take

truck from ground level, the element of fatigue rapidly

cuts efficiency and production. The human body is a

care not to embarrass any member of

most flexible and adaptable machine, but this machine

the group.)

is also subject to two weaknesses: FATIGUE AND

-"We should constantly check our operations and reduce

HABIT.

MANUAL REHANDLING to a minimum."

-"It is part of our jobs as supervisors to show our people

(4) People can move a light object in the

the EASY WAY to do a job."

same plane from one position to another continuously

-"These few POINTERS on LIFTING may be a guide in

for a long time and at a high production rate without

showing the workers the SAFE and EASY way."

excessive fatigue, if they do not have to take steps,

(HAND OUT mimeographed material on "WHAT

bend extremely low, or reach extremely high. A good

EVERYONE SHOULD KNOW ABOUT LIFTING.")

rule, which can be applied to the work done by

DISCUSS each point with the group or have one

manpower alone, might be found in the answers to these

member demonstrate the correct procedure.

questions: Does the weight exceed 50 pounds? Does

DISCUSS carefully and in detail the following EASIER

picking up require extreme handling? Does carrying

METHODS.

require more than one step? Must lifting be higher than

Point out advantages and determine extent of use of

eye level? If the answer to any of these questions is

each method.

"yes," then it is very doubtful whether manpower alone

-SWING instead of STRAIGHT lift.

is the answer to that particular handling problem.

-Unloading cars and trucks by TIERING method.

Persons should be given the help of the proper type of

-REPALLETIZING

by use of "'THREE PALLET"

mechanical equipment; this will help to reduce the

method.

element of fatigue. The elimination of rehandling will

(1) Regardless of the type of mechanical

further reduce the element of fatigue-LET'S PLACE

equipment we use, there will be SOME MANUAL

THE MATERIAL IN ITS FINAL RESTING PLACE AND

HANDLING somewhere along the line. Manual handling

LEAVE IT THERE.

should be reduced to a minimum and done properly.

(5) Part of a supervisor's job is to teach

workers the EASY WAY to do a job. It was mentioned

that the human body had two weaknesses: FATIGUE

(2) Manual handling of material can be

AND HABIT. It is important that we do

illustrated if we break down the job of unloading a freight

car in which we use two laborers and one fork truck and

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