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TM 38-400/NAVSUP PUB 572/AFMAN 23-210 MCO 4450.14/DLAM 4145.12
warehouses; the most common use is in connection with
DISCUSS TYPES AND USES OF EQUIPMENT
trailers to make up tractor-trailer trains.
-"Will someone name the various types of equipment
that are being used in materials handling operations at
(4) Trailers. The trailers used in our storage
our own installations?"
operations are an adaptation of the four-wheel platform
(LIST types on blackboard)
truck, with attachments for hooking them together so
that two or more can form a "train." Light duty trailers
TRACTORS
have capacities up to 6,000 pounds; heavy duty up to
TRAILERS
10,000 pounds. Platforms are usually 6 to 9 feet long
FORK TRUCKS
and 3 to 4 feet wide. Platform height from the floor
CONVEYORS
ranges from 14 to 18 inches. The most commonly used
TWO-WHEEL HAND TRUCKS
trailer has a capacity of 4,000 pounds, platform 6 feet by
FOUR-WHEEL HAND TRUCKS
3 feet at a height of 14 inches from the floor. Automatic
STOCK PICKING TRUCKS
coupling devices have replaced the old hook and eye
HANDLIFT TRUCKS
coupler; this has reduced injuries. The primary use of
CRANES
the tractor-trailer train is for hauling unit loads, palletized
DOLLIES
or not, for distances over 400 feet. Tractor-trailer trains
also can be used to advantage in collecting and
DISCUSS in general terms how each type is being used.
delivering LCL shipments to the collecting point. Trains
Suggest additions to the list if any have been omitted.
should never be "frozen" by storing on them materials
(1) General. To help speed the movement of
that will not be moved for a long period of time.
supplies and to make the materials handling job easier
(5) Straddle trucks.  When equipped with
for laborers, there are certain types of handling
pallet  loading  devices,  these  vehicles  are  self-
equipment  that  are  used  in  military  storage
loading/offloading and do not require forklift support.
establishments.
Any person in a supervisory job
Based on these benefits, some installations will not use
whether the warehousing supervisor or a squad leader-
trailer-trains.
should know what these types are, how they should be
(6) Conveyors.
used, and in what operations they serve to the best
advantage. Many man-hours and equipment hours can
(a) There are many types of conveyors
be wasted by failing to use proper equipment in an
that can be used in our depots. The permanent belt
operation or by failing to know how to use it.  For
conveyor,  portable  belt  conveyor,  gravity  roller
example, in stacking unit loads by fork truck, it is not
conveyor, and skate roller conveyor can be used to
necessary to have a helper for the fork truck operator if
advantage, if they are used for the purpose for which
the operator has been properly trained.
In most
they were designed. In many operations, the conveyor
operations of this type, a helper represents man-hours
can be used in conjunction with the fork truck.  The
wasted. The most commonly used equipment AND their
conveyor cannot efficiently replace the fork truck in
primary uses are listed and further identified in chapter
certain operations any more than the fork truck can
4, section II, of this manual.
replace the conveyor in other operations.  The skate
(2) Forklift truck.
These machines have
wheel conveyor which is light in weight, speedy, easily
become the most used mechanical aid of all.  The
set up, and readily transported is the type most
primary use of forklift trucks is to transport and stack
commonly used. This conveyor can be used efficiently
palletized loads or large boxes and crates with skids.
for loading and unloading trucks or freight cars where no
They are most economically used when the distance of
platform is available and where the surface does not
travel is limited to distance under 400 feet. Selection of
permit the use of a fork truck.
the size of the forklift truck is determined by the weight
(b) Conveyors  can  be  used  to
of loads, size of pallets, width of aisles, width of
advantage also in packing operations, serving both as a
doorways, and whether it must be used to enter freight
work table and a means of moving the material from
cars.  Generally, the 2,000and 4,000-pound capacity
one
trucks are the most popular for inside storage
operations. Trucks having a greater lift capacity are
used chiefly in outside storage areas.
(3) Tractors.  Their low gearing and weight
give them increased drawbar-pull capacity. They come
equipped with pneumatic tires and are most often used
for outside hauls, in outside storage, or hauls between
7-30

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