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 NAVAIR 17-15-50.3
TM 38-301-3
T.O. 33-1-37-3
CGTO 33-1-37-3
ENGINE: IO-360-C/D
AIRCRAFT: (0-2) (0-3)
JOAP ATOMIC EMISSION ROTRODE
Fe
Ag
Al
Cr
Cu
Mg
Abnormal Trend
(PPM Increase
28
3
11
4
8
4
in 10 hrs)*
Normal Range
0-91
0-6
0-36
0-13
0-26
0-13
Marginal Range
92-112
7
37-44
14-16
27-32
14-16
113-
High Range
8-9
45-54
17-19
33-39
17-19
139
Abnormal
140+
10+
55+
20+
40+
20+
Average Concentration Other Elements:
Ni=5
Pb=870
Si=8
Sn=4
Ti=1
Mo=2
* If the calculated PPM trend value is equal to or greater than the trend PPM value limit, the engine has an
abnormal trend.
Increases in Fe and Cr are indicative ring/cylinder wear. Increase in Cu by itself, or in combination with Fe,
indicates rod and main bearing discrepancy.
NOTE
O-series engines are "wet sump" (oil pan) type engines and oil tank capacity is small.
This causes tendency for sample contamination. Frequent oil change interval (50
hours) must be considered when evaluating JOAP results. An orange colored band at
the cylinder base indicates chrome plated barrels. Engines thus equipped should be
expected to produce high chrome wear metal during break-in period (up to 150 hours),
but should decrease and stabilize thereafter. Laboratory personnel should inquire
whether engines producing high chrome wear metals are equipped with chrome plated
cylinders, and base maintenance recommendations upon this knowledge.
Fe
Push rods, camshaft, cylinder barrels, rocker arms, crankshaft, valve lifters, valve
springs, washers.
Fe
Ni +
Cr
Oil pump gears, crankshaft cluster gear, governor drive gears, camshaft gears,
piston rings
Cu
Pb +
Sn
Valve rocker bushings, accessory drive bushings, main bearings, connecting rod
Cu
Sn +
Zn
Valve guides, piston pin bushings
Fe
Cr Ni
Valves
Si + W
Al
Cu Ni +
Mg
Mg
Cu +
Al
Crankcase rear cover
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