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TM 9-258
c.  Image  Size.
An  observer  receives  the
magnification produced by a simple magnifier.  It is
useful in some camera viewfinders, but since it does not
impression that the image seen on the other side of the
magnify or produce a real image its usefulness is limited
lens is smaller than the object. This effect is known as
in military instruments.
reduction as contrasted with
Section V. COLOR
through a triangular cross-section glass prism, the
2-26.
General.
emergent light is split into a number of refracted rays. If
these refracted rays are made to fall upon a screen, they
a. Ordinary sunlight or any other "white" light is a
produce a band of colored light called the solar
mixture of visible light of all wavelengths. "White" light,
spectrum. The colors of the spectrum are, on order; red,
is, therefore, a mixture of all colors.
orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet.  About
b. The amount of deviation of light from its path
130 distinct hues have been observed.
depends upon the color of the light as well as upon the
b. Each color of the spectrum represents light
shape and optical density of the optical element. Each
vibrating at a different frequency or wavelength.  The
color of light has its own distinctive wavelength and there
shorter the wavelength, the more the rays are bent upon
is a different index of refraction for each color.  The
being refracted. Red light has the longest wavelength
unequal deviation of rays of light of various colors,
(A, fig 2-51); violet, the shortest. Red rays are bent the
dispersion as it is called, has an important effect on the
least; violet, the most; the rays of other colors are
formation of images, and, therefore, upon the design of
interspaced accordingly
fire-control instruments.
2-27.  Separation of "White" Light.
a. If sunlight is passed through a slit and then
2-37

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