Applied to mechanical handling.

TM 38-400/NAVSUP PUB 572/AFMAN 23-210 MCO 4450.14/DLAM 4145.12

between the STORAGE POINT and the CARRIER'S

everything possible to reduce the fatigue element and,

VEHICLE."

even more important, that we guide our workers into

DISCUSS with the group the shipping and receiving

correct habits of doing the job. Once formed, incorrect

operation and have them determine whether there is

habits are difficult to break.

rehandling-setting down and picking up-which could be

eliminated.

(6) The HANDOUT on "Lifting" should be

(1) To use mechanical equipment to its fullest

mimeographed and distributed to the group for use in

advantage, we must eliminate excessive handling,

teaching workers. In addition to these correct methods

rehandling, and incorrect handling.

Equipment

for lifting, there are certain "knacks" or "tricks" that can

improperly used can cause more waste and hamper

be used to reduce the element of fatigue. For example,

operations to a greater extent that failure to use it at all.

in handling containers of average size and weight, it is

There are certain precautions that must be taken to

easier to move and lift them by using a certain "swing"

assure efficiency in the use of equipment.

motion than by a stiff or rigid lifting motion. In using this

(2) Operators of mechanical equipment must

"swing" motion, the laborer can take advantage of

be properly trained; this should include operators of

pendulum motion, obtain a kind of rhythm, and reduce

equipment such as fork trucks, tractors, conveyors, and

the physical effort required.

strapping machines. We should not take it for granted

(7) In unloading average-size containers from

that because a person has been operating a machine

a freight car or truck onto trailers or pallets, a systematic

over a period of time, they are operating it correctly or in

method should be used to break down the load. The

the most efficient manner; we must be sure. We can be

method might be called "UNLOADING BY THE

sure only by carefully spot checking at frequent intervals

TIERING METHOD." The load should be broken down

and then providing time and means for improving their

in such a way that the number of times it is necessary to

work by training.

lift the bottom cartons in the load to the top of the pallet

(3) In addition, we must be sure that the

is reduced to a minimum. Where repalletizing must be

application of the first two principles-STRAIGHTLINE

done, the "three pallet method" can be used as follows:

AND CONTINUOUS FLOW-be made in the use of

Repalletize half of loaded pallet No. 1 onto empty pallet

equipment. We should determine the shortest possible

No. 2; temporarily withdraw pallet No. 2 from the

moves and then take advantage of them. The "flow" of

operation; place empty pallet No. 3 into position and

the equipment must be continuous, with no time wasted.

repalletize the rest of pallet No. 1 onto empty pallet No.

Maximum loads should be determined and carried to

3; half of loaded pallet No. 4 is repalletized on half-

reduce the number of trips and pieces of equipment to a

loaded pallet No. 3. Such a method reduces the

minimum. One large handling unit requires less total

amount of bending and lifting as a SHIFTING rather

handling than many small units. Concentrating small

than a lifting process is employed.

packages into large units, as the palletized load plan,

g. Applied to mechanical handling.

reduces handling time.

-"To use our mechanical equipment to fullest advantage

h. Principle of work.

we must constantly try to:

"The PRINCIPLE OF WORK stresses the fact that the

ELIMINATE EXCESSIVE HANDLING

GREATEST AMOUNT of WORK MUST BE DONE in

ELIMINATE REHANDLING

the LEAST AMOUNT OF TIME (MAN-HOURS."

AVOID INCORRECT HANDLING."

-"The successful application of this principle is largely

-"There are certain PRECAUTIONS we must take to

dependent upon the FIRST FOUR PRINCIPLES."

assure greater efficiency in use of equipment:

-"To REDUCE COST and INCREASE SPEED, we must

PROPER

TRAINING

OPERATORS

constantly CHECK in TWO WAYS;

APPLICATION OF BOTH PRINCIPLES---

TIME IT TAKES TO DO THE JOB

STRAIGHT-LINE AND CONTINUOUS FLOW

MAN-HOURS USED IN DOING IT."

COMBINE

CARRYING

AND

LIFTING

OPERATIONS."

(1) The fifth important materials handling

-"In the majority of SHIPPING and RECEIVING

principle may be referred to as the PRINCIPLE OF

OPERATIONS there should be NO STOPPING PLACE

WORK. It cannot be supplied unless the other four

principles have been adhered to and is

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